Internal-combustion engine



Aug, 5, 1924 A. 0. ROBERTS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 12 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet l Alberi 0. Raberisq WITNESSW- ATTORNEY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 12, 1922 3 Sheets- Sheet 2 1 ATTORNEY WITNESSQQ Aug. 5 1924. 1,504,142

A. 0. ROBERTS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 12 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

ALBERTO. noenn'rsfois ewq n snmwpn, PENNSYLVANIA;

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE? Applicatibn"filed' April 512',

To all whom it mayconcm%:

Be it knownthat-I, ALBERTmO; ROBERTS a citizen of the United States of America,

residing at New Kensington, in the-county] Stateof Bennsyl-- of lh estmorelandand V Vania, have invented new andnseful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines,

itaken in the of whiclrthe following isaspecifioation;

The object of my present-invention 1S- the provision of an internal combustion en gi-ne having, the capacity of "converting-5a large portlon of the heat of combustion-autos mechamcalenergy with a v ew to attaining};

high efficiency.

' To the attainment of the foregei ng ethe f invention consists in th eimprovement as hereinafter described; and definitelyclai ned-r In th w eyihgxdr w gs farming;-

part hereof L- Figural is -a longitudinal central section part;

11 elevation,illustrating the best have as yet'devised.

tical embodiment of in-y invention I :section of afportion ot the same. 7

Figure 3 1s a llOTlZOIL-iLLLSBGblOIl taken n ,1

the plane indicated by vthe"=l ine-- Figure 2, looking 7 downwardly;

Figure 4 is afldetail hofriz on-tallsection plane indicated by the-flin r Figure Q ad9v We t ly t f renc ides eaatehe v ews ?'Q numerals of Similar N g parts in all-of corresponding the drawings.

The main cylinder 1 of my novel engine is P v d t ppo t i Q hQFQQ- *=W tl i annular valve seats 3 Sand ;-4A,;the openings in the said valve seats being in communication with the atmosphere, and the opening in the valve seat 3 being for the outward passage of products of combustion while the opening in the valve seat 4 is for the admission of atmospheric air. The exhaust valve opposed to the seat 3 is numbered 5 and the inlet valve opposed to the seat 4 is numbered 6 At 2 is the head of the cylinder 1. The central bore '1 in said head 2 is smaller than the bore of the cylinder 1 in about the proportion illustrated, and is provided with appropriate packing rings 8 or other packing means compatible with the purpose of my invention.

Movable rectilinearly in the main cylinder 1 is a piston 9 at the outer end of which is a collar flange 10 in which are aper- F se 2 is a e ed, .-de' ;il,-=-ve t ee "is else provid "1922.: Serial No. 551,808.

ranged to be moved into and out of registratio-n with the ports 11, and that the said cylinden13=isalso provided with, a circumferential-flange 15, interposed between the .fiange on the-nut l2 and the end of the pollen fiange l O. At its outer end the cylinder 13; is provided with an interior saddle 16, connected .to it through the medium s e er v wll Spaced' from the main cylinder 1 and xe viieeene te r wi a show s a head block'l8afrom which extends an intake manifold 19, designed =to be connected with a cai bureter orothersou'rceof explosive mix turesupp'ly; The saidlheadblock 18 is ,provided with a tubular interiorly threaded projectionr20 in which is'disposed the cor" respondingly threaded end portion of the. tubularip iston rod 21 o-f-therpiston22. The

said-=p. i ston 22 is disposed in the live cylinderfi13, isappropriatelypacked at 23 and is providedrwithua'port2e for h of explosive mixture to the L cylinder '13 and p ed with ignition means-pref erably in gthe fo rfni qf a spark iplug 25. The port =2 l'-is controlled bya valve 26, the stem 27 of which is extended thniugh the tubular piston rod 21 as illustrated. At 28, 28 are stationary guides, and at 29 is an operating arm.

he main cylinder 1 is connected to a crank casing 30 in the manner illustrated in Figure 1 or in any other appropriate manner, and the main piston 9 is provided with a wrist pin 31, designed to be connected in the conventional manner with the crank shaft of the engine.

It Will be manifest from the foregoing that by turning the live cylinder 13 about its axis the ports 11 in the collar flange 10 may be opened and closed.

The saddle 16 is arranged, Figures 2 and 3, to travel on the guides 28 which guides are carried by the sleeve 32 that surrounds the the supply stationary tubular piston rod 21, and is-interposed between the piston 22 and projection 20.

The operating arm 29 on the said sleeve 32 is actuated by a cam 33, arranged as illustrated, in Figures 1 and 4:.

The operation of my improvement will be clearly understood when it is stated that on the intake strokeand with the piston at the top of its stroke the ports 11 are closed and the valves 6 and 26 are opened. As the pisston recedes the cylinder 13 is charged with explosive mixture from the intake manifold, and the space between the cylinders 1 and 13 is filled with air. The ports 11 remain closed incident to the compression stroke until they approach the top when they will be opened in the manner hereinafter described. Very litle mixture of gaseswill take place between the opening of the said ports 11 and the time of explosion inasmuch as at that time both gas and air are compressed to the same extent. Following the ignition a portion of the burning gas will rush into the compressed air in the space between the cylinders 1 and 13, and hence the air will serve as a cushion to absorb the shock, and becoming heated will two-thirds of the power stroke. Theports 11 remain open until the end or the exhaust stroke is reached so that the products of combustion from the cylinder 13 and the cylinder 1 can escape through the apertured valve seat 3, the valve 5 being at that time open. 7 V q It will be manifest from the foregoing that in effect the cylinder 13 is surrounded by an air space in which atmospheric air is compressed simultaneously with the compression of the explosive mixture in the cylinder 13. The excess heatgiven off by the burning gas operates to heat the said air, and the expansion of the air assistsflin the movement of themain piston 9..

Having described my invention, what 1 I keep the pressure practically constant through aboutit claim-and desire to secure'by Letters Patent,

1. An internal combustion engine, prising a main cylinder having a port for the entry of air and also having a port for the discharge of products of combustion,

valves to control said ports, a piston ar-' ranged to work in said cylinder, a cylinder arranged in and spaced from the main cylinder, and movable rectilinearly with the piston and about its axisindependently of the piston, the latter to control communication-between its interior and the space between it and the main cylinder, means closing the sec0nd-named cylinder, -meansto supply-the second-named cylinder with explosive mixture; saidmeans including a tube and a valve controllingcommunication between said tube and theinterior of the sec cud-named cylinder, a sleeve surrounding said tube, an operating arm on said sleeve a saddle in the second-named cylinder, and

guide means on said sleeve and engaging said saddle.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination or a main cylinder, ahead con nected therewith and having an intake manifold, a tube connected withsaid head, a pie;

ton connected with said tube and having a port, a valve to control sald port and having .a stem extending through said tube, a

piston movable in the maincylinder, a cyl? inder arranged in and spaced fromthe main cylinder and containmg and movable relatively to the first-named piston and movable rectilinearly' with and about-its axis independently of the second-named piston, the

latter to control communication between its interior and the space between it and the vmain cylinder, a saddle in the second-named cylinder, a sleeve surrounding the tube and provided with an operating arm, and guide means on the sleeve and engaging said saddle. V

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

ALBERT O. ROBERTS. 

